Latest Interviews
Showing 676–690 of 809 transcripts.
Clear all filters- a16z21 min
The Next 3 Billion in Financial Services
Highly concentrated traditional banking coexists with a massive $320 billion alternative financial services sector that serves millions of Americans who rely on high-fee providers due to lumpy incomes, poor credit history, and cash flow volatility. Innovative fintech startups like Earnin, Payjoy, and LendUp address these specific market inefficiencies by leveraging payroll data, device telemetry, and behavioral metrics to offer fee-free wage advances, device financing without credit checks, and alternative credit scoring for the unbanked. These platforms are rapidly scaling by transforming high-frequency engagement into sustainable operating systems that challenge established financial institutions while extending credit access to billions of users globally.
- a16z24 min
When Biology Moves to Engineering
Positioning biological evolution as a source of accumulated "technical debt," the event frames modern healthcare challenges as engineering problems solvable through AI-driven precision rather than traditional trial-and-error discovery. Key advancements in automated circuit design and behavioral digital therapeutics demonstrate how this shift enables predictable, high-accuracy solutions for complex conditions like cancer and diabetes. Ultimately, the approach seeks to transform medicine by engineering the reversal of aging and optimizing systemic care coordination to move from reactive sick care to proactive health maintenance.
- a16z22 min
Challenges in Healthcare Innovation
The healthcare sector faces a critical efficiency crisis known as Eroom's Law, where rising costs and long timelines for drug discovery are exacerbated by a fundamental lack of biological understanding for complex diseases like Alzheimer's. This challenge is driving a rapid convergence of genomics, artificial intelligence, and engineering, which is transforming medicine from an experimental science into an engineered discipline capable of creating intelligent, logic-based therapies. As the industry shifts from traditional animal models to predictive organ-on-chip systems and embraces digital therapeutics, the alignment of payors, regulators, and innovators is accelerating the delivery of curative precision treatments while extending biological design principles into data storage and manufacturing.
- Milken Institute38 min
A Conversation with David Miliband
David Miliband, Jayne Van Hoen, Adam Boulton
At a recent event, International Rescue Committee leader David Miliband outlined the global displacement crisis involving 65 million people while detailing the organization's $100 million initiative to treat child trauma in the Middle East. Miliband sharply critiqued the Trump administration's withdrawal from international agreements and the UK's hard Brexit as destabilizing forces that exacerbate conflict and hinder effective humanitarian aid. He concluded by urging private sector engagement to shift refugee support from emergency relief to sustainable economic integration, arguing that displacement driven by fragile states and climate change will define the 21st century.
- a16z30 min
AI: What's Working, What's Not
The event details the rapid integration of AI into the core strategies of global corporations like GAFA and BAT, highlighting how leaders such as Vladimir Putin view AI dominance as critical to geopolitical power. It examines practical applications ranging from visual recognition and natural language processing to autonomous robotics, while noting that investors are increasingly funding the underlying infrastructure required to build these models. Despite these advances, the presentation clarifies the limitations of current narrow AI, contrasts China's aggressive national data strategy with Western approaches, and reassures audiences that historical automation trends correlate with workforce expansion rather than net job loss.
- Milken Institute39 min
A Conversation with David Miliband
International Rescue Committee CEO David Miller and former UK Foreign Secretary David Miliband address the escalating global displacement of 65 million people, emphasizing long-term economic integration and education funding over temporary aid. Miller outlines a strategy to counter the erosion of Western refugee rights by shifting toward cash transfers and expanding resettlement quotas, while Miliband attributes the rise of populism and Brexit to specific policy failures and critiques the Trump administration's withdrawal from key international agreements. Together, they warn that weak states, climate change, and geopolitical vacuums will sustain this crisis for decades, urging a pivot from isolationist "wall-building" to robust economic and diplomatic solutions.
- Milken Institute39 min
Lunch Program | A Conversation with David Miliband
David Miliband, James Morgon, Richard Ditizio, Jayne Van Hoen, Adam Boulton
A global humanitarian leader outlines the scale of the refugee crisis, noting that 65 million people are displaced while the International Rescue Committee advocates for work rights, cash assistance, and increased education funding to foster economic integration. The speaker critiques restrictive US and UK resettlement policies and Brexit as acts of deglobalization, warning that withdrawing from international institutions and climate agreements invites greater instability. Ultimately, the presentation argues that displacement will define the 21st century and calls for robust public advocacy and private donations to address the root causes of conflict and support long-term solutions.
- a16z24 min
10 Year Futures (vs. What's Happening Now)
The analysis contrasts the saturation of current smartphone platforms with the emergence of new technology curves, noting that while tech giants like Amazon and Google dominate existing markets, historical precedents suggest their dominance remains vulnerable to disruption. It specifically evaluates four emerging sectors through a construction metaphor, identifying artificial intelligence as an active application phase, cryptocurrency and mixed reality as foundational development stages, and autonomous vehicles as early infrastructure work. These shifts are driven by advances in machine learning and computer vision that enable new forms of automation, redefine urban infrastructure, and transform financial trust into programmable software.
- Y Combinator26 min
Sarah Chou on Finding Product-Market Fit in the Education Industry - at YC Edtech Night
Sarah Chou, Karen Lien, Chen, Preston, Jeff, Tim, Chad
Informed K-12, a B2B SaaS platform founded by CEO Sarah and CTO Chen, facilitates the digitization of administrative workflows for school districts by managing over 600 distinct forms ranging from mileage reimbursements to travel authorizations. After pivoting from an unsuccessful teacher-focused Q&A model, the company established a repeatable sales process targeting Chief Business Officials and Assistant Superintendents to validate demand for a system-level paperwork solution. With 22 employees now operating in 22 distinct markets, the firm leverages direct relationship-building strategies and rigorous data privacy standards to modernize back-office operations for districts navigating budget constraints and staffing challenges.
- Milken Institute41 min
A Conversation with Steve Ballmer
Steve Ballmer, a Harvard graduate who left Stanford to join Bill Gates at Microsoft, has applied his strategic leadership and data-driven philosophy to diverse sectors including technology, philanthropy, and sports. He founded USAFacts.org to provide nonpartisan government data that holds officials accountable and aims to improve economic mobility, while simultaneously revitalizing the LA Clippers with a focus on championship performance and operational transparency. Ballmer's approach consistently emphasizes the necessity of high performance, clear vision, and measurable outcomes across all his current ventures.
- Milken Institute40 min
California Leading the Future of Energy
Harry Atwater, Caroline Choi, Mark Herrema, Jane Wells
A panel featuring leaders from Caltech, SoCal Edison, and New Light Technologies explores contrasting strategies for climate mitigation, ranging from JCAP's artificial photosynthesis research and California's push for 80% zero-carbon energy by 2030 to New Light Technologies' commercial production of methane-derived biodegradable plastics. While SoCal Edison outlines the necessity of infrastructure investment to electrify transport and buildings, New Light CEO Mark Harriman details a successful licensing model that has secured billions of pounds in plastic orders with partners like IKEA. The discussion concludes by emphasizing the critical role of chemical fuels for hard-to-electrify sectors like aviation and the urgency of converting carbon emissions into valuable market products to achieve net-negative outcomes.
- Milken Institute34 min
California's Future Economy
Kevin Klowden, Kevin Demoff, Charles Harrington, Paul Markovich, Betty Yee
Hosted by the California Center for Regional Economics, a panel of leaders from Blue Shield, Parsons, the LA Rams, and the Controller's Office examined the intersection of infrastructure, healthcare, and human capital in shaping the state's future economy. Panelists identified critical challenges including healthcare costs suppressing wage growth, automation threatening tax revenue sustainability, and the urgent need to secure aging infrastructure against cyber threats. To address these issues, the group advocated for public-private partnerships like the Inglewood micro-city project, expanded workforce training initiatives, and blended funding models to maintain California's global economic leadership over the coming decades.
- Milken Institute23 min
California Leading the Future of Energy #CALeading
Harry Atwater, Caroline Choi, Mark Herrema, Jane Wells, Richard D'Atezio
At the Milken Institute's 20th-anniversary global conference, 4,000 participants explored the "building meaningful lives" theme by examining California as a microcosm for solving global challenges in health, energy, and infrastructure. Key speakers, including Professor Harry Atwater and representatives from Southern California Edison and New Light Technologies, presented critical data on decarbonizing transportation, leveraging artificial photosynthesis for fuel synthesis, and converting agricultural methane into biodegradable plastics. The dialogue emphasized that achieving the Paris Agreement targets requires massive investment in zero-carbon energy capacity, a seven-million-electric-vehicle fleet by 2030, and strategic shifts toward private-sector innovation to bridge funding gaps in solving issues like malnutrition and clean energy access.
- Y Combinator24 min
The Most Important Decision is Getting Started – Laura Behrens Wu
Laura Behrens Wu, Carolyn Levy
Shippo, co-founded by Laura Behrens-Wu and Simon, built an API platform that processes millions of monthly shipments for 16,000 e-commerce merchants after pivoting to solve critical shipping transparency issues. The company successfully raised $9 million in two rounds despite facing significant hurdles, including 115 investor rejections, team turnover, and a lawsuit, by maintaining transparent communication and executing a compressed four-week Series A process. Behrens-Wu now leverages this experience to advocate for inclusive hiring practices and warns founders to vet investors on their crisis management behaviors while navigating systemic gender biases in the B2B technology sector.
- a16z29 min
The Future of Money: Banking on Fintech
The financial sector is undergoing a fundamental transformation where revenue is decoupling from physical branches as fintech startups disrupt the $12 trillion lending market and traditional insurance models through specialized digital services. While legacy institutions like Chase and Wells Fargo retain distribution advantages that often force startups to pivot toward B2B technology sales or niche verticals, innovation continues to accelerate via automated underwriting and alternative data sources. This competitive dynamic establishes that success now hinges on owning consumer relationships or critical infrastructure layers rather than competing directly on broad banking products.