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Federal Reserve Speeches·

Warsh, In Our Time

  • The speaker marks their 100th day as Chairman of the Federal Reserve during a conference in Jackson Hole.
  • Artificial intelligence is identified as a new factor of production with potential to drive substantially higher economic growth.
  • Token sales for leading AI labs have increased over 500 percent year-over-year to more than $100 billion annually.
  • The Fed is establishing a task force to study the impact of AI on productivity, labor markets, & market structure.
  • The speaker expresses discomfort with forward guidance as a regular practice in normal times due to risks of ambiguity & market distortion.
  • A "hall-of-mirrors" problem is warned against where markets rely too heavily on Fed guidance while the Fed relies on market prices.
  • The speaker rejects mechanical reaction functions like the Taylor rule, citing the changing nature of the economy & limitations in forecasting.
  • Key monetary policy principles include prioritizing contemporaneous data, treating the 2 percent inflation target as fixed, & viewing short-term rates as the primary tool.
  • Money creation by both the central bank & the banking system is emphasized as relevant to monetary policy.
  • The economy shows resilience with business capital expenditures rising rapidly & corporate profits growing over 20 percent.
  • Labor markets are described as stable with a 4.1 percent unemployment rate consistent with full employment.
  • Inflation remains a concern, with the 12-month PCE price index at 3.7 percent & the six-month change at 4.1 percent.
  • Disaggregated PCE data reveals that nearly half of goods & services show price increases above 3 percent.
  • Inflation expectations remain anchored in the medium term, though the speaker asserts the Fed bears responsibility for past elevated inflation.
  • The speaker commits to a discipline of sound policy rather than a specific decision, prioritizing price stability as the predominant focus.