Central Banks and the Fight Against Climate Change

Central banks globally are expanding their mandates beyond price stability to actively incorporate climate risk management and social equity goals, exemplified by the Federal Reserve's inclusive employment framework and the Bank of England's climate integration. While leaders like Christine Lagarde defend these shifts as necessary realities, critics warn of mission creep and potential conflicts between environmental objectives and short-term monetary policy. This strategic pivot is accelerating through institutional cooperation via networks like the NGFS, fundamentally altering investment landscapes by pricing sustainability into asset valuations and delaying traditional policy normalization.