Latest Interviews

What's the future of crypto?

Eric Hughes, Mathieu Favaz

Despite a significant decline in global market capitalization from $3 trillion to $828 billion and intensified regulatory crackdowns in 25 nations, cryptocurrency adoption remains robust in developing economies facing hyperinflation or weak financial infrastructure. The industry is now pivoting toward Web3, a decentralized internet model that shifts data ownership to users while attempting to solve scalability issues through Layer 2 solutions. However, this post-money era faces persistent challenges regarding security, the lack of central authorities for dispute resolution, and the technical limitations of nascent blockchain networks.

The Immigrant Journey Behind A Silicon Valley Success Story

Garry Tan, Tracy Young

Tracy Young, co-founder of PlanGrid and founder of the new venture TigerEye, reflects on her family's refugee journey from Vietnam to the San Francisco Bay Area, where her parents built a successful distribution business after overcoming immense hardship. Drawing strength from their resilience, Young discusses the intersection of her immigrant heritage, gender bias, and impostor syndrome while arguing that immigration is vital for sustaining economic stability in nations facing declining birth rates. She further advocates for societal support of immigrants and promotes senior women in sales through her monthly newsletter, Predictable Growth.

What causes hurricanes?

Katie, Oliver Morton

Hurricanes are classified tropical storm systems defined by sustained winds of at least 74 mph that form over warm oceans when specific atmospheric and thermal conditions converge. These massive energy engines generate winds exceeding 200 mph and release rainfall at rates capable of causing billions in damages, with water-driven phenomena like storm surges accounting for the vast majority of fatalities. While climate change may not increase the total number of storms, warming oceans and rising sea levels are intensifying rainfall and slowing storm movement, necessitating a strategic shift toward infrastructure adaptation rather than intensity reduction.

Secrets You Can Learn From Your Customers

Michael Seibel, Dalton Caldwell

Founders accelerate learning by discarding initial overconfidence to personally engage with early customers, a strategy exemplified by Airbnb's photo visits, Brex's direct work with non-US startups, and Twitch's manual payments to streamers. This deep, one-on-one involvement unlocks specific insights and trust that surveys or data teams cannot provide, as demonstrated by the handwritten notes received from a single host and the creation of niche financial products. Consequently, success relies on maintaining direct founder-customer contact to solve edge cases quickly, avoiding the counterproductive layers of staff that dilute essential feedback.

Why are wars getting longer?

Robert Guest

Rising global conflict intensity is driven by the erosion of international norms, increased foreign state intervention, and economic incentives that sustain violence in resource-scarce regions. Geopolitical shifts have created power vacuums allowing regional actors and criminal networks to fuel prolonged civil wars, while climate change further exacerbates violence through resource scarcity and displacement. Although short-term strategies like secret negotiations and inclusive peace processes offer hope, experts project a future where wars remain protracted and life expectancy remains low in the world's most vulnerable nations.

Marketplace Breakout Strategies: Take Rates, Defensibility, Payments | Field Notes by Connie Chan

Connie Chan, Deb Liu

Deb Liu and Connie Chan identify passive presence as a critical career barrier while outlining a three-tiered pricing strategy for marketplaces that balances spam prevention, margin structure, and long-term seller retention. The discussion further contrasts the mobile-dependent decline of legacy platforms like Craigslist with the density requirements of local commerce, emphasizing how physical retail models inform modern advertising and shelf-space monetization. Finally, the speakers highlight that trust and transactional frictions drive growth, citing the integration of escrow-like systems, gamified personalized feeds, and mobile-native features as essential mechanisms for achieving defensibility in competitive ecosystems.

How El Niño and La Niña cause extreme weather

Global climate scientists highlight the potential emergence of a record-breaking "Godzilla El Niño" following a historically prolonged La Niña phase, building on extreme weather events like record snowfall in Western New York and recent temperature highs in the UK. Historical data from the 1997–1998 El Niño event, which caused roughly 23,000 deaths and up to $180 billion in damages, underscores the severe risks posed by the interaction between shifting Pacific sea surface temperatures and accelerating global warming. To mitigate these compounding threats, experts recommend immediately directing resources to vulnerable tropical regions, as climate models predict intensified rainfall variability and higher global temperatures in the coming years.

Beyond Good Friday: the future of peace in Northern Ireland

Patrick Lane, Sammy Heenan, Saoirse Eastwood, Sam McBride

Following a recent escalation in sectarian violence that prompted MI5 to raise the terror threat level to "severe," Northern Ireland continues to grapple with the unintended consequences of the 1998 Good Friday Agreement. While the peace deal successfully halted large-scale conflict and drove economic regeneration through tourism and investment, it has also entrenched political paralysis, deep social segregation, and unresolved trauma among victims' families. Current efforts by centrist forces like the Alliance Party to reform the power-sharing institutions aim to address chronic instability and mitigate the fresh tensions exacerbated by Brexit, all while the region faces a new generation of paramilitary activity with limited public support.

The Future of Ecommerce by Connie Chan

Connie Chan

The event outlines a strategic shift in Western e-commerce from static search models to AI-driven discovery commerce that leverages social proof and live streaming to replicate the engagement of physical retail. Key platforms and brands are deploying technologies like augmented reality and personalized algorithms to mitigate high return rates while monetizing overstock through urgency-based promotions. This evolution aims to bridge the online-offline gap by combining infinite digital inventory with tactile shopping experiences, ultimately fostering a virtuous cycle of higher conversion and sustainability.

Beyond ChatGPT: what chatbots mean for the future

Generative AI chatbots are disrupting the $150 billion search advertising market by shifting user interaction from keyword queries to predictive, creative text generation, prompting major corporations like Microsoft and Google to integrate conversational interfaces directly into their platforms. While these systems demonstrate remarkable capabilities in producing art and planning tasks, they face significant criticism regarding technical hallucinations, the absence of inherent truth verification, and the ethical risks of deepfakes and copyright infringement. As venture capital surges past $1 billion, the technology is also redefining human-computer relationships through AI companions, raising concerns about the long-term degradation of critical thinking and the potential hoovering up of original web content by algorithms.

How To Earn Customers For Life

Michael Seibel, Dalton Caldwell

Startups that treat VC funding as a primary goal often fail by employing aggressive or impersonal sales tactics, whereas successful founders prioritize genuine care for their users to gain a competitive edge. Leaders like Stripe's Patrick Collison and AWS engineer Jeff Barr demonstrate that personally resolving customer issues fosters loyalty, deeper feedback, and a sustainable narrative that impersonal corporate structures cannot replicate. By viewing customers as partners and learning their personal stories, founders who genuinely value their users' success outperform competitors through increased sales volume and faster product-market fit.

Why Nigeria is crucial to democracy in Africa

Peter Obi, Buhari, Mustafa, Jonathan Rosenthal, Temadayo Onushun, Aisha Nyako

Nigeria, Africa's most populous democracy, faces a severe democratic deterioration driven by a multifaceted security crisis and systemic vote-selling that erodes public trust in state institutions. A stark generational divide between an aging political elite and a youthful majority, characterized by median age of 18 and rampant unemployment, has catalyzed a shift from street protests to active electoral engagement as seen in the 2023 general election. While youth-led movements like the Young Progressives and the 2023 Peter Obi campaign signal a potential political awakening, the long-term sustainability of this momentum hinges on the state's ability to resolve entrenched economic hardship and insecurity before disillusionment sets in.

Climate-change migrants: what can be done?

Chris Brunet

Projected climate shifts threaten to displace hundreds of millions of people, a reality highlighted by the U.S. government's $50 million "managed retreat" of 37 families from the submerged Isle de Jean Charles. While island nations like Tuvalu face existential submersion by 2100 and African cities like Lagos confront mass migration challenges, experts argue that historical polluters must assume financial and moral responsibility for funding proactive relocation strategies. Without early political will to prioritize planned retreat over reactive evacuation, vulnerable communities risk catastrophic displacement that could upend entire regions.

Intro to American Dynamism

David Ulevitch, Katherine Boyle

Andreessen Horowitz has launched its "American Dynamism" practice to fund founders building software solutions for under-optimized sectors like housing, defense, and logistics. The initiative leverages a surge of technical talent and shifting investor sentiment to back distributed companies, including veterans and former officials, that address critical public infrastructure. Since its announcement, the firm has executed over a dozen investments targeting these traditional industries to align private innovation with national interests.

Rebooting the Arsenal of Democracy

Palmer Luckey

Speaker Palmer Lucky contrasts the US Department of Defense's reliance on stagnating legacy systems with the rapid integration of commercial technology by adversaries like China and Russia. Founding Anduril to address this gap, Lucky advocates for a shift toward software-first architecture and diverse startup ecosystems to replace the risk-averse, process-focused practices of traditional prime contractors. Urgent reforms are required to redirect top engineering talent and investment toward autonomous systems that can ensure deterrence against modern asymmetric threats.