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Frank Fannon

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  1. Milken Institute59 min

    Critical Minerals, Critical Risks: Securing Supply Chains | Global Conference 2025

    Daniel Yergin, Frank Fannon, Nicholas Myers, Kei Onishi, Vandita Pant, Nick Myers

    Driven by surging demand from AI infrastructure and electrification, the global market faces a critical supply gap that requires doubling copper production by the mid-2030s. While China currently dominates rare earth output and smelting capabilities, emerging U.S. ventures like Phoenix Tailings are leveraging zero-emission technologies to process industrial waste and secure supply chains. Strategic investments from major automakers and corporate venture arms are accelerating domestic refining and exploration, yet the sector remains constrained by decades-long permitting cycles and a massive infrastructure funding deficit.

  2. Milken Institute42 min

    Energy Transition: Critical Minerals, Climate Tech, & Policy Shifts | Middle East and Africa Summit

    John Defterios, His Excellency Majid Al Suwaidi, Lucie Berger, Frank Fannon, Oskar Lewnowski, Bob Wilt, Majid Al Suwaidi

    Launched by the UAE, the $30 billion Alira Initiative seeks to mobilize $250 billion in private capital by 2030 to bridge the investment gap in the Global South, where 85% of current transition funding flows to the North. The program targets critical bottlenecks in the energy supply chain, specifically addressing the decade-long permitting delays and geopolitical concentration of critical minerals that currently hinder gigafactory development. By combining a de-risked investment structure with a focus on modernizing the mining sector's public image, the initiative aims to secure a resilient, technology-driven future for clean energy while challenging the dominance of existing supply chains.