The Economist

How the Mexican cartels are making profits now

Tom Standage

Over 100,000 annual fatalities in the United States are now driven by a synthetic opioid crisis where Mexican cartels have shifted production to decentralized, low-tech mobile labs that operate with gig-economy efficiency. This transformation has replaced traditional organized crime conglomerates with approximately 200 semi-autonomous groups that source cheap precursor chemicals from China to manufacture potent fentanyl at minimal cost. The resulting market shift has seen synthetic drug seizures surpass cocaine and heroin in 2021, as these criminal networks diversify revenue through high-value, low-volume trafficking to middle-class consumers.

Brazil’s elections: The Economist interviews Lula

Lula, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, Jair Bolsonaro, Sarah Maslin

In the volatile 2022 Brazilian presidential election, challenger Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva leads polls against incumbent Jair Bolsonaro amidst unprecedented violence and deep polarization. Lula pledges to forge a broad post-election coalition, govern strictly under the constitution, and reindustrialize the economy by restoring development banks and prioritizing infrastructure to create jobs. Simultaneously, he refuses to apologize for past corruption allegations while promising rigorous investigation procedures and a "zero priority" focus on food security for the nation's poor.

Who Is Xi Jinping?

Xi Jinping

President Xi Jinping's rule is defined by an absolute prioritization of stability and national security, a stance rooted in the traumatic childhood experiences of the Cultural Revolution that instilled a lifelong aversion to chaos. Having consolidated power through a sweeping anti-corruption campaign, constitutional changes eliminating term limits, and an unprecedented surveillance apparatus, he has positioned the reunification of Taiwan as a historical imperative to surpass Mao Zedong's legacy. This ambition creates a critical strategic tension between completing the civil war and the potential for nuclear conflict, making Xi's decisions the central determinant of future global stability.

What is the future of the British monarchy?

Zanny Minton Beddoes, Catherine Nixey

Following the death of Queen Elizabeth II, King Charles III assumes the throne amid a rapid surge in domestic approval ratings and significant global concern regarding the future cohesion of the Commonwealth. The monarch faces the immediate challenge of overcoming a legacy of personal controversies and establishing a distinct constitutional identity while attempting to distance himself from the monumental stature of his mother. Despite widespread speculation about slimming down the royal family, the institution is expected to endure as the transition solidifies Britain's status as a mid-sized nation with a shortened reign ahead.

Why America’s murder rate has spiked

Daniel Knowles

Between 2020 and 2022, the United States experienced a historic surge in homicides that erased decades of progress, driven by record firearm availability, pandemic-induced isolation, and eroded community trust following high-profile police killings. This spike disproportionately impacted Black communities and major cities like Philadelphia and New York, where violence rates climbed significantly despite the broader national trend diverging from global patterns. While violence interruption programs and calls for restored police relations offer potential mitigation strategies, experts warn that without targeted intervention, these elevated murder rates risk becoming a permanent national baseline.

Is the war in Ukraine nearing its end?

On September 6th, Ukraine launched a surprise counterattack supported by an unprecedented flow of Western intelligence and weaponry, liberating over 8,000 square kilometers of territory and collapsing Russian defenses around Kharkiv. This strategic reversal has forced the Kremlin into defensive silence while exposing internal vulnerabilities, including rising nationalist discontent and a direct threat to Vladimir Putin's legitimacy. Although the offensive has shifted Ukrainian war aims toward reclaiming all pre-2014 borders, experts maintain that while military victory remains achievable, the immediate collapse of the Russian state remains unpredictable.

What to expect from King Charles III

King Charles III

Upon becoming the world's oldest British monarch and longest-serving heir, Charles III must balance his role as Supreme Governor of the Church of England with the demands of a modern, religiously diverse nation. To ensure the institution's survival, he is strategically reducing the size of the working royal family to address public concerns over cost while navigating internal family tensions and the risk of constitutional crisis arising from his past political advocacy. This transition marks a shift from the universal respect commanded by his mother toward a more polarizing leadership style that relies on rapid adaptation to maintain the monarchy's public relevance.

Queen Elizabeth II: her reign in numbers

Queen Elizabeth II

Queen Elizabeth II reigned for seven decades, transforming the British Empire into a voluntary Commonwealth of 54 nations while maintaining an average public approval rating of 80%. Her tenure saw the monarch become a global diplomatic powerhouse who visited over 100 countries and met with 13 US presidents, effectively serving as the primary glue holding the post-colonial organization together. Known for her unwavering work ethic and pioneering use of digital communication, she balanced immense societal shifts—from the rise of female labor to the legalization of same-sex marriage—with a consistent dedication to state affairs.

Will Trump be president again?

Trump

Despite internal party fractures and ongoing legal challenges, Donald Trump's grip on the Republican Party remains unshaken following the 2022 defeat of prominent critic Liz Cheney, a result that has silenced opposition and consolidated his base. As Trump prepares to leverage his legal prosecutions as political grievances to secure the 2024 nomination, analysts project he may lose the national popular vote while remaining competitive enough to win the presidency through the Electoral College. This trajectory raises significant concerns regarding election integrity, particularly as Trump-endorsed officials in key states may utilize their positions to dispute or falsify results should he achieve a narrow victory.

The Saudi prince: how dangerous is MBS?

MBS, Khalid Al-Jabri, Nick Pelham, Nicholas Pelham

Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman has rapidly consolidated absolute power in Saudi Arabia while dismantling the religious establishment to implement sweeping social reforms like women's driving rights and public entertainment. These changes accompany a controversial economic strategy known as Vision 2030 aimed at reducing oil dependence, despite the regime facing severe scrutiny over the 2018 murder of journalist Jamal Khashoggi and persistent human rights abuses. Analysts warn that MBS's aggressive centralization of authority and reliance on fear to suppress dissent create a volatile political environment where internal fractures or miscalculations could threaten the kingdom's stability.

How are offices changing?

Faye Wong, Ben Hamley

Multinational corporations are transforming offices into social hubs and adopting hub-and-spoke models to meet a global demand for flexibility, where 76% to 86% of workers across major regions now prioritize remote options over traditional in-office presence. This shift has triggered significant urban vacancies in major city centers and compelled companies to transition from presenteeism-based management to performance-driven evaluation. While this evolution supports mixed-use urban planning and reduces commuting, it simultaneously risks exacerbating gender inequalities, particularly for working mothers in Asian markets.

Black holes: why they matter

Alok Jha

Black holes, defined by their event horizons and singularities, span from stellar remnants weighing three to twenty solar masses to supermassive giants millions of times heavier that anchor galaxies. Detection milestones since 1971, culminating in the Event Horizon Telescope's images of Cygnus X-1 and Sagittarius A*, have confirmed their existence through gravitational lensing and X-ray emissions. These cosmic phenomena remain central to resolving the conflict between General Relativity and Quantum Theory, particularly regarding the black hole information paradox and the nature of singularities.

How China crushed Hong Kong

Su Lin Wong, Dr Chung Kim Wah, Ching Chong, Carrie Lam, Anna Kwok

This presentation analyzes the systematic erosion of Hong Kong's autonomy following the 2019 extradition protests and the subsequent imposition of Beijing's National Security Law. Through detailed accounts of decades-long infiltration strategies involving civil servants, security forces, and academics, the discussion highlights how the Communist Party dismantled local resistance to transform the region into a police state. Former residents and exiled figures, including Dr. Chung Kim Wah and Anna Kwok, now warn that these tactics pose an immediate threat to liberal democracies worldwide, urging global vigilance against the export of authoritarian control.

How gene editing could reduce the cost of cosmetics

Sunil Chandran, Jason Kelly, Alok Jha

Biotech firms like Amaris and Ginkgo are rapidly scaling the production of cosmetic ingredients through synthetic biology, currently supplying the majority of the global squalane market while securing contracts to engineer novel scents and fragrances. This shift replaces unsustainable extraction methods that endanger shark populations and deplete natural resources, offering companies the potential for 50% cost savings alongside regulatory advantages in the US and EU. Beyond ingredient sourcing, the sector is increasingly leveraging engineered microbes to address industry-wide waste challenges, such as breaking down the 120 billion units of single-use packaging generated annually.

Alien life: are we about to find it?

Alok Jha

Driven by a decade of technological advancement, the scientific community is shifting from sci-fi speculation to rigorous analysis with the James Webb Space Telescope and upcoming 40-meter ground-based observatories poised to detect biosignatures like oxygen on Earth-like exoplanets. Despite the light-lag constraint making intelligent technosignatures unlikely to be verified soon, researchers are prioritizing the identification of liquid water and biological markers on targets such as Teegarden B. Experts project that these initiatives will either confirm the existence of extraterrestrial life within ten years or fundamentally alter our understanding of life's rarity in the universe.