Alec Ross

a16z Podcast | Open vs. Closed, Alpha Cities, and the Industries of the Future

Alec Ross, Obama, Hillary Clinton, Michael Copeland, Sonal

Former Obama administration official Alec Ross argues that the defining political divide of the 21st century is shifting from left-versus-right to a competition between open and closed societies, where open systems driving economic and cultural freedom will outcompete restrictive regimes. Ross identifies the "code war" as a critical front of asymmetric conflict and predicts that future innovation will cluster in a dozen global "alpha cities" rather than national borders, necessitating vocational training in high-growth sectors like genomics and robotics. To navigate this landscape, he advocates for entrepreneurs to adopt an expeditionary mindset in emerging markets while governments balance regulatory flexibility with the need for interdisciplinary education that blends STEM with the humanities.