Hiroshi Mikitani

Hiroshi Mikitani at Startup School 2012

Hiroshi Mikitani

Founded in 1997 by Hiroshi Mikitani with $200,000 in self-funded capital, Rakuten achieved profitability within two months and went public in 2000 by rejecting the traditional venture capital model. The company now commands 35–40% of the Japanese e-commerce market and operates 38 distinct businesses globally, expanding its ecosystem through strategic acquisitions like Kobo and a dedicated focus on shop-centric merchant services. Driven by a "merchant-first" philosophy and a recent mandate to adopt English as the official corporate language, Rakuten continues to pivot toward digital content sales and mobile commerce while maintaining strict cultural alignment across its international operations.